It is an undeniable fact that car headlights are critical for increasing and maintaining visibility when driving. However, if your car lights are not aimed in the right direction, …
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ATTESA (Advanced Total Traction Engineering System for All-Terrain) is the name for all-wheel-drive systems on Nissan and Infiniti cars. The system first appeared in 1987 when the Nissan Bluebird …
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There are many benefits associated with polishing the body of your car as it not only freshens up the paintwork but also helps to preserve it. People often confuse …
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Car transmission systems are complex networks of moving parts that interact to transfer the right amount of engine power to the wheels with maximum efficiency. They allow the gear …
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What are turbochargers? How do they work? In simple terms, a turbocharger, also known as a “turbo”, is a type of air compressor that is powered by a turbine …
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What are shock absorbers? In an ideal world, all road surfaces would be even and smooth, allowing you to drive freely without worrying about your tyres or suspension system. …
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XWD, Cross-Wheel Drive, or Haldex Generation 4 are names of the all-wheel-drive system which first appeared on the Saab Turbo X model in 2008. It was developed by the …
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FWD is the general term for front-wheel drive. It was installed for the first time on the Alvis roadster in 1928. It became widely used in the 1960s and …
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4motion is the patented name for all-wheel-drive systems featured on Volkswagen cars. It has been used since 1998. Before then, all-wheel-drive versions were referred to as “Syncro”. An increased …
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PCS (Precision Control System) is an electronic stability control system, which was installed on Oldsmobile cars. It was first used in 2000 on the Intrigue saloon. It improves the …
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RWD is the general term used for rear-wheel drive systems on all makes of passenger and commercial vehicles. It means that the engine torque is transferred to the rear …
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DSA (Dynamic Stability Assistance) is a dynamic stability control system designed specially for compact Volvo models. It prevents the drive wheels from slipping and improves their grip on wet …
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4Matic is an all-wheel drive system installed on Mercedes-Benz cars. It is a proprietary development of Daimler AG. It was created in collaboration with the Austrian company Magna Steyr …
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4×4 is a general term for a four-wheel-drive system on vehicles with two axles. It is used specifically to indicate four-wheel-drive versions of Jeep cars. It means that the …
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xDrive is a proprietary all-wheel drive system which has been installed on BMW cars since 2003. For most models it is available as an option or as standard. It …
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All-Trac is a full-time AWD system that was installed on some Toyota cars between 1988 and 2000. It was developed by the Japanese car manufacturer Toyota Motor Corporation in …
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4WD is a term used by most car manufacturers to describe four-wheel-drive systems. The terms AWD and 4×4 are also used. In 4WD cars, the engine torque can be …
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4×4 Allgrip is an intelligent four-wheel drive system equipped on Suzuki cars. It first appeared on the Vitara model in 1988. The system controls the engine, drivetrain, and ESP. …
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4Drive is a full-time four-wheel drive system developed for Seat cars. It prevents even minimal wheel slippage in difficult road conditions. The system increases the vehicle’s stability and ensures …
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A-TRAC is an active traction control system that has been installed on some 4WD Toyota cars. It improves the traction of the vehicle when driving off-road and helps to …
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